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Singular limits for reaction-diffusion equations with fractional Laplacian and local or nonlocal nonlinearity

机译:具有分数拉普拉斯和局部或非局部非线性的反应扩散方程的奇异极限

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摘要

We perform an asymptotic analysis of models of population dynamics with a fractional Laplacian and local or nonlocal reaction terms. The first part of the paper is devoted to the long time/long range rescaling of the fractional Fisher-KPP equation. This rescaling is based on the exponential speed of propagation of the population. In particular we show that the only role of the fractional Laplacian in determining this speed is at the initial layer where it determines the thickness of the tails of the solutions. Next, we show that such rescaling is also possible for models with non-local reaction terms, as selection-mutation models. However, to obtain a more relevant qualitative behavior for this second case, we introduce, in the second part of the paper, a second rescaling where we assume that the diffusion steps are small. In this way, using a WKB ansatz, we obtain a Hamilton-Jacobi equation in the limit which describes the asymptotic dynamics of the solutions, similarly to the case of selection-mutation models with a classical Laplace term or an integral kernel with thin tails. However, the rescaling introduced here is very different from the latter cases. We extend these results to the multidimensional case.
机译:我们使用分数拉普拉斯算子和局部或非局部反应项对种群动力学模型进行渐近分析。本文的第一部分致力于分数/ Fisher-KPP方程的长时间/远距离重定标度。重新缩放是基于人口传播的指数速度。特别是,我们表明分数拉普拉斯算子在确定该速度时的唯一作用是在初始层,在该层它确定溶液尾部的厚度。接下来,我们证明对于具有非局部反应项的模型(如选择突变模型),这种重新缩放也是可行的。但是,为了获得针对第二种情况的更相关的定性行为,我们在本文的第二部分中介绍了第二种重新定标,其中我们假设扩散步长很小。这样,使用WKB ansatz,我们在极限条件下获得了一个Hamilton-Jacobi方程,该方程描述了解决方案的渐近动力学,类似于具有经典Laplace项或带有细尾的积分核的选择变异模型的情况。但是,此处介绍的重新缩放与后一种情况大不相同。我们将这些结果扩展到多维案例。

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